Gre Wordlist 39 : quash - recurrent

1.quash	crush; suppress; squash; subdue; annul; Ex. quash a rebellion/the decision of the low court	Function: transitive verb Etymology: Middle English quashen to smash, from Middle French quasser, casser, from Latin quassare to shake violently, shatter, frequentative of quatere to shake : to suppress or extinguish summarily and completely
2.quay	dock; wharf; pier; landing place (for boats)	Function: noun Etymology: alteration of earlier key, from Middle English, from Middle French dialect cai, probably of Celtic origin; akin to Breton kae hedge, enclosure; akin to Old English hecg hedge : a structure built parallel to the bank of a waterway for use as a landing place
3.queasy	experiencing nausea; nauseated; easily nauseated; squeamish; Ex. feel a little queasy	Function: adjective Inflected Form(s): quea·si·er; -est Etymology: Middle English coysy, qwesye 1 a : causing nausea <queasy motion> b : suffering from nausea : NAUSEATED 2 : full of doubt : HAZARDOUS 3 a : causing uneasiness b (1) : DELICATE, SQUEAMISH (2) : ill at ease - quea·si·ly /-z&-lE/ adverb - quea·si·ness /-zE-n&s/ noun
4.quell	suppress; put an end to; put down forcibly; extinguish; quiet; Ex. ``Army Quells Rebellion'' in newspaper; CF. kill	Function: transitive verb Etymology: Middle English, to kill, quell, from Old English cwellan to kill; akin to Old High German quellen to torture, kill, quAla torment, Lithuanian gelti to hurt 1 : to thoroughly overwhelm and reduce to submission or passivity <quell a riot> 2 : QUIET, PACIFY <quell fears> - quell·er noun
5.quench	assuage or satisfy (thrust); slake; douse or extinguish; put out; suppress	Function: verb Etymology: Middle English, from Old English -cwencan; akin to Old English -cwincan to vanish, Old Frisian quinka transitive senses 1 a : PUT OUT, EXTINGUISH b : to put out the light or fire of <quench glowing coals with water> c : to cool (as heated metal) suddenly by immersion (as in oil or water) d : to cause to lose heat or warmth <you have quenched the warmth of France toward you -- Alfred Tennyson> 2 a : to bring (something immaterial) to an end typically by satisfying, damping, cooling, or decreasing <a rational understanding of the laws of nature can quench impossible desires -- Lucius Garvin> <the praise that quenches all desire to read the book -- T. S. Eliot> b : to terminate by or as if by destroying : ELIMINATE <the Commonwealth party quenched a whole generation of play-acting -- Margery Bailey> <quench a rebellion> c : to relieve or satisfy with liquid <quenched his thirst at a wayside spring> intransitive senses 1 : to become extinguished : COOL 2 : to become calm : SUBSIDE - quench·able /'kwen-ch&-b&l/ adjective - quench·er noun - quench·less /'kwench-l&s/ adjective
6.querulous	given to complaining; complaining; fretful; whining	Function: adjective Etymology: Middle English querelose, from Latin querulus, from queri to complain 1 : habitually complaining 2 : FRETFUL, WHINING <a querulous voice> - quer·u·lous·ly adverb - quer·u·lous·ness noun
7.query	inquiry; question; V.	Function: noun Inflected Form(s): plural queries Etymology: alteration of earlier quere, from Latin quaere, imperative of quaerere to ask 1 : QUESTION, INQUIRY 2 : a question in the mind : DOUBT 3 : QUESTION MARK
8.queue	line (of waiting people or vehicles)	Function: noun Etymology: French, literally, tail, from Latin cauda, coda 1 : a braid of hair usually worn hanging at the back of the head 2 : a waiting line especially of persons or vehicles 3 a : a sequence of messages or jobs held in auxiliary storage awaiting transmission or processing b : a data structure that consists of a list of records such that records are added at one end and removed from the other
9.quibble	minor objection or complaint; V: raise minor objections; carp; cavil	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): quib·bled; quib·bling /-b(&-)li[ng]/ intransitive senses 1 : to evade the point of an argument by caviling about words 2 a : CAVIL, CARP b : BICKER transitive senses : to subject to quibbles - quib·bler /-b(&-)l&r/ noun
10.quiescent	dormant; temporarily inactive; at rest; N. quiescence	Function: adjective Etymology: Latin quiescent-, quiescens, present participle of quiescere to become quiet, rest, from quies 1 : marked by inactivity or repose : tranquilly at rest 2 : causing no trouble or symptoms <quiescent gallstones> synonym see LATENT - qui·es·cent·ly adverb
11.quietude	tranquillity; calmness	Function: noun Etymology: Middle French, from Late Latin quietudo, from Latin quietus : a quiet state : REPOSE
12.quintessence	purest and highest embodiment; perfect example; apotheosis; most essential element; Ex. quintessence of wit; ADJ. quintessential; CF. fifth essence	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French quinte essence, from Medieval Latin quinta essentia, literally, fifth essence 1 : the fifth and highest element in ancient and medieval philosophy that permeates all nature and is the substance composing the celestial bodies 2 : the essence of a thing in its purest and most concentrated form 3 : the most typical example or representative - quin·tes·sen·tial /"kwin-t&-'sen(t)-sh&l/ adjective - quin·tes·sen·tial·ly adverb
13.quip	taunt; clever sarcastic remark; V.	Function: noun Etymology: earlier quippy, perhaps from Latin quippe indeed, to be sure (often ironic), from quid what -- more at QUIDDITY 1 a : a clever usually taunting remark : GIBE b : a witty or funny observation or response usually made on the spur of the moment 2 : QUIBBLE, EQUIVOCATION 3 : something strange, droll, curious, or eccentric : ODDITY
14.quirk	sudden sharp turn or twist; startling twist; caprice; idiosyncrasy; peculiarity of behavior; Ex. by a quirk of fate	Function: noun Etymology: origin unknown 1 a : an abrupt twist or curve b : a peculiar trait : IDIOSYNCRASY c : ACCIDENT, VAGARY <a quirk of fate> 2 : a groove separating a bead or other molding from adjoining members - quirk·i·ly /'kw&r-k&-lE/ adverb - quirk·i·ness /-kE-n&s/ noun - quirk·ish /'kw&r-kish/ adjective - quirky /-kE/ adjective
15.quisling	traitor who aids invaders; CF. Vidkun Quisling	Function: noun Usage: often attributive Etymology: Vidkun Quisling died 1945 Norwegian politician who collaborated with the Nazis : TRAITOR 2, COLLABORATOR - quis·ling·ism /-li[ng]-"i-z&m/ noun
16.quiver	case for arrows	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French quivre, of Germanic origin; akin to Old English cocer quiver, Old High German kohhari 1 : a case for carrying or holding arrows 2 : the arrows in a quiver
17.quiver	tremble; shake; N.	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French quivre, of Germanic origin; akin to Old English cocer quiver, Old High German kohhari 1 : a case for carrying or holding arrows 2 : the arrows in a quiver
18.quixotic	idealistic but impractical; CF. Don Quixote	Function: adjective Etymology: Don Quixote 1 : foolishly impractical especially in the pursuit of ideals; especially : marked by rash lofty romantic ideas or extravagantly chivalrous action 2 : CAPRICIOUS, UNPREDICTABLE synonym see IMAGINARY - quix·ot·i·cal /-ti-k&l/ adjective - quix·ot·i·cal·ly /-ti-k(&-)lE/ adverb
19.quizzical	curious; suggesting puzzlement (without saying); questioning; teasing; mocking; bantering; Ex. quizzical glance	Function: adjective 1 : comically quaint 2 : mildly teasing or mocking <a quizzical remark> 3 : expressive of puzzlement, curiosity, or disbelief <raised a quizzical eyebrow> - quiz·zi·cal·i·ty /"kwi-z&-'ka-l&-tE/ noun - quiz·zi·cal·ly /'kwi-zi-k(&-)lE/ adverb
20.quorum	minimal number of members necessary to conduct a meeting	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, quorum of justices of the peace, from Latin, of whom, genitive plural of qui who; from the wording of the commission formerly issued to justices of the peace 1 : a select group 2 : the number (as a majority) of officers or members of a body that when duly assembled is legally competent to transact business 3 : a Mormon body comprising those in the same grade of priesthood
21.quotidian	daily; commonplace; customary; Ex. quotidian routine	Function: adjective Etymology: Middle English cotidian, from Middle French, from Latin quotidianus, cotidianus, from quotidie every day, from quot (as) many as + dies day -- more at DEITY 1 : occurring every day <quotidian fever> 2 a : belonging to each day : EVERYDAY <quotidian routine> b : COMMONPLACE, ORDINARY <quotidian drabness> - quotidian noun
22.rabid	of or suffering rabies; like a fanatic; extremely zealous; furious; CF. rabies: hydrophobia	Function: adjective Etymology: Latin rabidus mad, from rabere 1 a : extremely violent : FURIOUS b : going to extreme lengths in expressing or pursuing a feeling, interest, or opinion 2 : affected with rabies - ra·bid·i·ty /r&-'bi-d&-tE, ra-, rA-/ noun - ra·bid·ly /'ra-b&d-lE also 'rA-/ adverb - ra·bid·ness noun
23.raconteur	story-teller; one who tells stories with wit and skill	Function: noun Etymology: French, from Middle French, from raconter to tell, from Old French, from re- + aconter, acompter to tell, count -- more at ACCOUNT : a person who excels in telling anecdotes
24.ragamuffin	dirty child in torn clothes; person wearing tattered clothes	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English Ragamuffyn, name for a ragged, oafish person : a ragged often disreputable person; especially : a poorly clothed often dirty child
25.rail	complain bitterly; scold; rant; Ex. the weaker railing against injustices	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English raile, from Middle French reille ruler, bar, from Latin regula ruler, from regere to keep straight, direct, rule -- more at RIGHT 1 a : a bar extending from one post or support to another and serving as a guard or barrier b : a structural member or support 2 a : RAILING 1 b : a light structure serving as a guard at the outer edge of a ship's deck c : a fence bounding a racetrack 3 a : a bar of rolled steel forming a track for wheeled vehicles b : TRACK c : RAILROAD
26.raiment	clothing; garments; Ex. I have no raiment fit to wear.	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English rayment, short for arrayment, from arrayen to array : CLOTHING, GARMENTS
27.rakish	jaunty; stylish; sporty; morally corrupt; dissolute; Ex. He wore his hat at a rakish and jaunty angle.	Function: adjective Etymology: 5rake : of, relating to, or characteristic of a rake : DISSOLUTE
28.rally	come or bring together; call up or summon (forces, vital powers, etc.); revive or recuperate (after illness or difficulty); N: act of rallying; mass gathering	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): ral·lied; ral·ly·ing Etymology: French rallier, from Old French ralier, from re- + alier to unite -- more at ALLY transitive senses 1 a : to muster for a common purpose b : to recall to order 2 a : to arouse for action b : to rouse from depression or weakness intransitive senses 1 : to come together again to renew an effort 2 : to join in a common cause 3 : RECOVER, REBOUND 4 : to engage in a rally
29.ramble	wander aimlessly (physically or mentally); digress	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): ram·bled; ram·bling /-b(&-)li[ng]/ Etymology: perhaps from Middle English romblen, frequentative of romen to roam intransitive senses 1 a : to move aimlessly from place to place b : to explore idly 2 : to talk or write in a desultory or long-winded wandering fashion 3 : to grow or extend irregularly transitive senses : to wander over : ROAM synonym see WANDER - ram·bling·ly /-b(&-)li[ng]-lE/ adverb
30.ramification	branching out; subdivision; one branch of a system; one of the results following from an action or decision; Ex. ramifications of a business/the decision	Function: noun 1 a : BRANCH, OFFSHOOT b : a branched structure 2 a : the act or process of branching b : arrangement of branches (as on a plant) 3 : CONSEQUENCE, OUTGROWTH <the ramifications of a problem>
31.ramify	branch out; divide into branches or subdivisions	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): -fied; -fy·ing Etymology: Middle English ramifien, from Middle French ramifier, from Medieval Latin ramificare, from Latin ramus branch; akin to Latin radix root -- more at ROOT intransitive senses 1 : to split up into branches or constituent parts 2 : to send forth branches or extensions transitive senses 1 : to cause to branch 2 : to separate into divisions
32.ramp	slope; inclined plane or roadway (connecting two levels)	Function: verb Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French ramper to crawl, rear, of Germanic origin; akin to Old High German rimpfan to wrinkle -- more at RUMPLE intransitive senses 1 a : to stand or advance menacingly with forelegs or with arms raised b : to move or act furiously 2 : to creep up -- used especially of plants transitive senses [4ramp (electrical waveform)] : to increase or decrease especially at a constant rate -- usually used with up or down <ramp up production>
33.rampant	growing or spreading uncontrollably; growing in profusion; unrestrained; Ex. rampant lawlessness/weed	Function: adjective Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French, present participle of ramper 1 a : rearing upon the hind legs with forelegs extended b : standing on one hind foot with one foreleg raised above the other and the head in profile -- used of a heraldic animal 2 a : marked by a menacing wildness, extravagance, or absence of restraint b : WIDESPREAD 3 : having one impost or abutment higher than the other <a rampant arch> - ram·pant·ly adverb
34.rampart	defensive mound of earth	Function: noun Etymology: Middle French, from ramparer to fortify, from re- + emparer to defend, from Old Provençal antparar, from (assumed) Vulgar Latin anteparare, from Latin ante before + parare to prepare -- more at ANTE-, PARE 1 : a protective barrier : BULWARK 2 : a broad embankment raised as a fortification and usually surmounted by a parapet 3 : a wall-like ridge (as of rock fragments, earth, or debris)
35.ramshackle	(of a building or vehicle) poorly constructed; rickety; falling apart	Function: adjective Etymology: alteration of earlier ransackled, from past participle of obsolete ransackle, frequentative of ransack 1 : appearing ready to collapse : RICKETY 2 : carelessly or loosely constructed
36.rancid	having the odor of stale or decomposing fat; rank	Function: adjective Etymology: Latin rancidus, from rancEre to be rancid 1 : having a rank smell or taste 2 : OFFENSIVE - ran·cid·i·ty /ran-'si-d&-tE/ noun - ran·cid·ness /'ran(t)-s&d-n&s/ noun
37.rancor	long-lasting hatred; bitterness; Ex. negotiation without rancor; ADJ. rancorous	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English rancour, from Middle French ranceur, from Late Latin rancor rancidity, rancor, from Latin rancEre : bitter deep-seated ill will synonym see ENMITY
38.random	without definite purpose, plan, or aim; haphazard; Ex. random shots; Ex. chosen at random	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, impetuosity, from Middle French randon, from Old French, from randir to run, of Germanic origin; akin to Old High German rinnan to run -- more at RUN : a haphazard course - at random : without definite aim, direction, rule, or method
39.rankle	irritate; fester; annoy	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): ran·kled; ran·kling /-k(&-)li[ng]/ Etymology: Middle English ranclen to fester, from Middle French rancler, from Old French draoncler, raoncler, from draoncle, raoncle festering sore, from Medieval Latin dracunculus, from Latin, diminutive of draco serpent -- more at DRAGON intransitive senses 1 : to cause anger, irritation, or deep bitterness 2 : to feel anger and irritation transitive senses : to cause irritation or bitterness in
40.rant	speak violently or excitedly; rave; talk excitedly showing anger; scold; make a grandiloquent speech; Ex. The priest ranted about the devil.	Function: verb Etymology: obsolete Dutch ranten, randen intransitive senses 1 : to talk in a noisy, excited, or declamatory manner 2 : to scold vehemently transitive senses : to utter in a bombastic declamatory fashion - rant·er noun - rant·ing·ly /'ran-ti[ng]-lE/ adverb
41.rapacious	voracious; ravenous; taking everything one can; excessively grasping; plundering; subsisting on live prey; Ex. rapacious birds	Function: adjective Etymology: Latin rapac-, rapax, from rapere to seize -- more at RAPID 1 : excessively grasping or covetous 2 : living on prey 3 : RAVENOUS synonym see VORACIOUS - ra·pa·cious·ly adverb - ra·pa·cious·ness noun
42.rapport	close relationship; emotional closeness; harmony	Function: noun Etymology: French, from rapporter to bring back, refer, from Old French raporter to bring back, from re- + aporter to bring, from Latin apportare, from ad- ad- + portare to carry -- more at FARE : RELATION; especially : relation marked by harmony, conformity, accord, or affinity
43.rapt	engrossed; absorbed; enchanted; Ex. rapt listener	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): rapped; rap·ping transitive senses 1 : to strike with a sharp blow 2 : to utter suddenly and forcibly 3 : to cause to be or come by raps <rap the meeting to order> 4 : to criticize sharply intransitive senses 1 : to strike a quick sharp blow 2 : to make a short sharp sound
44.rarefied	made less dense (of a gas); V. rarefy: make less dense; N. rarefaction	Function: adjective 1 : of, relating to, or interesting to a select group : ESOTERIC 2 : very high
45.raspy	making a harsh noise; grating; harsh	Function: adjective 1 : HARSH, GRATING 2 : IRRITABLE
46.ratify	approve formally; confirm; verify	Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): -fied; -fy·ing Etymology: Middle English ratifien, from Middle French ratifier, from Medieval Latin ratificare, from Latin ratus determined, from past participle of reri to calculate -- more at REASON : to approve and sanction formally : CONFIRM <ratify a treaty> - rat·i·fi·ca·tion /"ra-t&-f&-'kA-sh&n/ noun - rat·i·fi·er /'ra-t&-"fI(-&)r/ noun
47.ratiocination	reasoning; act of drawing conclusions from premises; V. ratiocinate: reason logically	Function: noun 1 : the process of exact thinking : REASONING 2 : a reasoned train of thought - ra·ti·o·ci·na·tive /-'O-s&n-"A-tiv, -'ä-/ adjective
48.rationale	fundamental reason or principle (on which a system or principle is based); fundamental reason or justification; grounds for an action	Function: noun Etymology: Latin, neuter of rationalis 1 : an explanation of controlling principles of opinion, belief, practice, or phenomena 2 : an underlying reason : BASIS
49.rationalize	make rational; devise false reasons for (one's behavior); offer an excuse; give a plausible reason for an action in place of a true, less admirable ones; N. rationalization	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): -ized; -iz·ing transitive senses 1 : to free (a mathematical expression) from irrational parts <rationalize a denominator> 2 : to bring into accord with reason or cause something to seem reasonable: as a : to substitute a natural for a supernatural explanation of <rationalize a myth> b : to attribute (one's actions) to rational and creditable motives without analysis of true and especially unconscious motives <rationalized his dislike of his brother> 3 : to apply the principles of scientific management to (as an industry or its operations) for a desired result (as increased efficiency) intransitive senses : to provide plausible but untrue reasons for conduct - ra·tio·nal·iz·able /"rash-n&-'lI-z&-b&l, "ra-sh&-n&l-'I-/ adjective - ra·tio·nal·i·za·tion /"rash-n&-l&-'zA-sh&n, "ra-sh&-n&l-&-/ noun - ra·tio·nal·iz·er /'rash-n&-"lI-z&r, 'ra-sh&-n&l-"I-/ noun
50.raucous	(of voice) harsh and unpleasant; (of people) disorderly and boisterous; Ex. raucous shouts	Function: adjective Etymology: L raucus hoarse; akin to Latin ravis hoarseness 1 : disagreeably harsh or strident : HOARSE <raucous voices> 2 : boisterously disorderly <a... raucous frontier town -- Truman Capote> synonym see LOUD - rau·cous·ly adverb - rau·cous·ness noun
51.ravage	devastate; plunder; despoil; Ex. crops ravaged by storms	Function: noun Etymology: French, from Middle French, from ravir to ravish -- more at RAVISH 1 : an act or practice of ravaging 2 : damage resulting from ravaging : violently destructive effect <the ravages of time>
52.rave	overwhelmingly favorable review; V: talk wildly as if mad; Ex. raving lunatic	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): raved; rav·ing Etymology: Middle English intransitive senses 1 a : to talk irrationally in or as if in delirium b : to speak out wildly c : to talk with extreme enthusiasm <raved about its beauty> 2 : to move or advance violently : STORM <the iced gusts still rave and beat -- John Keats> transitive senses : to utter in madness or frenzy - rav·er noun
53.ravel	fall apart into tangles; entangle; unravel or untwist	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): -eled or -elled; -el·ing or rav·el·ling /'rav-li[ng], 'ra-v&-/ Etymology: Dutch rafelen, from rafel loose thread transitive senses 1 a : to separate or undo the texture of : UNRAVEL b : to undo the intricacies of : DISENTANGLE 2 : ENTANGLE, CONFUSE intransitive senses 1 obsolete : to become entangled or confused 2 : to become unwoven, untwisted, or unwound : FRAY 3 : BREAK UP, CRUMBLE - rav·el·er /'rav-l&r, 'ra-v&-/ noun - rav·el·ment /'ra-v&l-m&nt/ noun
54.ravenous	extremely hungry; voracious	Function: adjective 1 : RAPACIOUS <ravenous wolves> 2 : very eager or greedy for food, satisfaction, or gratification <a ravenous appetite> synonym see VORACIOUS - rav·en·ous·ly adverb - rav·en·ous·ness noun
55.ravine	narrow valley with steep sides; gorge; CF. gully, canyon	Function: noun Etymology: French, from Middle French, rapine, rush, from Latin rapina rapine : a small narrow steep-sided valley that is larger than a gully and smaller than a canyon and that is usually worn by running water
56.raze	destroy completely; Ex. raze the city to the ground	Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): razed; raz·ing Etymology: alteration of rase 1 a archaic : ERASE b : to scrape, cut, or shave off 2 : to destroy to the ground : DEMOLISH - raz·er noun
57.reactionary	strongly opposed to social or political change; opposing progress; politically ultraconservative; N. OP. radical	Function: adjective : relating to, marked by, or favoring reaction; especially : ultraconservative in politics - reactionary noun - re·ac·tion·ary·ism /-"i-z&m/ noun
58.realm	kingdom; field or sphere; Ex. not within the realms of possibility	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English realme, from Old French reialme, alteration of reiame, from Latin regimen rule -- more at REGIMEN 1 : KINGDOM 2 2 : SPHERE, DOMAIN <within the realm of possibility> 3 : a primary marine or terrestrial biogeographic division of the earth's surface
59.reaper	one who harvests grain; Ex. the Grim Reaper; V. reap: cut and gather (crop); harvest a crop	Function: noun : one that reaps; especially : any of various machines for reaping grain
60.rebate	return of part of a payment; discount; V.	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): re·bat·ed; re·bat·ing Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French rabattre to beat down again, from Old French, from re- + abattre to beat down, from a- (from Latin ad-) + battre to beat, from Latin battuere transitive senses 1 : to reduce the force or activity of : DIMINISH 2 : to reduce the sharpness of : BLUNT 3 a : to make a rebate of b : to give a rebate to intransitive senses : to give rebates - re·bat·er noun
61.rebuff	reject bluntly; snub; beat back; Ex. She rebuffed his invitation; N.	Function: transitive verb Etymology: Middle French rebuffer, from Old Italian ribuffare to reprimand, from ribuffo reprimand : to reject or criticize sharply : SNUB - rebuff noun
62.rebuke	scold harshly; criticize severely	Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): re·buked; re·buk·ing Etymology: Middle English, from Old North French rebuker 1 a : to criticize sharply : REPRIMAND b : to serve as a rebuke to 2 : to turn back or keep down : CHECK synonym see REPROVE - re·buk·er noun
63.rebus	representation of words in the form of pictures or symbols; puzzle in which pictures or letters stand for words; Ex. ``R U 18'' is a rebus for ``Are you 18''.	Function: noun Etymology: Latin, by things, ablative plural of res thing -- more at REAL : a representation of words or syllables by pictures of objects or by symbols whose names resemble the intended words or syllables in sound; also : a riddle made up of such pictures or symbols [rebus illustration]
64.rebuttal	refutation; response with contrary evidence; V. rebut: refute; disprove	Function: noun : the act of rebutting especially in a legal suit; also : argument or proof that rebuts
65.recalcitrant	disobedient or resisting authority even after being punished; obstinately stubborn; determined to resist authority; unruly; Ex. recalcitrant child	Function: adjective Etymology: Late Latin recalcitrant-, recalcitrans, present participle of recalcitrare to be stubbornly disobedient, from Latin, to kick back, from re- + calcitrare to kick, from calc-, calx heel 1 : obstinately defiant of authority or restraint 2 a : difficult to manage or operate b : not responsive to treatment c : RESISTANT <this subject is recalcitrant both to observation and to experiment -- G. G. Simpson> synonym see UNRULY - recalcitrant noun
66.recant	disclaim or disavow; retract a previous statement; openly confess error; Ex. recant one's faith/a statement	Function: verb Etymology: Latin recantare, from re- + cantare to sing -- more at CHANT transitive senses 1 : to withdraw or repudiate (a statement or belief) formally and publicly : RENOUNCE 2 : REVOKE intransitive senses : to make an open confession of error synonym see ABJURE - re·can·ta·tion /"rE-"kan-'tA-sh&n/ noun
67.recapitulate	summarize	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): -lat·ed; -lat·ing Etymology: Late Latin recapitulatus, past participle of recapitulare to restate by heads, sum up, from Latin re- + capitulum division of a book -- more at CHAPTER transitive senses : to repeat the principal points or stages of : SUMMARIZE intransitive senses : SUM UP
68.recast	reconstruct (a sentence, story, statue, etc.); fashion again	Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): -cast; -cast·ing : to cast again <recast a gun> <recast a play>; also : REMODEL, REFASHION <recasts his political image to fit the times> - re·cast /'rE-"kast, (")rE-'/ noun
69.receptive	quick or willing to receive (ideas, suggestions, etc.); Ex. receptive to the proposal	Function: adjective 1 : able or inclined to receive; especially : open and responsive to ideas, impressions, or suggestions 2 a of a sensory end organ : fit to receive and transmit stimuli b : SENSORY - re·cep·tive·ly adverb - re·cep·tive·ness noun - re·cep·tiv·i·ty /"rE-"sep-'ti-v&-tE, ri-/ noun
70.recession	withdrawal; retreat; time of low economic activity	Function: noun 1 : the act or action of receding : WITHDRAWAL 2 : a departing procession (as of clergy and choir at the end of a church service) 3 : a period of reduced economic activity - re·ces·sion·ary /-sh&-"ner-E/ adjective
71.recidivism	habitual return to crime (even after being punished); N. recidivist	Function: noun : a tendency to relapse into a previous condition or mode of behavior; especially : relapse into criminal behavior
72.recipient	receiver	Function: noun Etymology: Latin recipient-, recipiens, present participle of recipere : one that receives : RECEIVER - recipient adjective
73.reciprocal	mutual; given and received in return; exchangeable; interacting; Ex. reciprocal trade agreement	Function: adjective Etymology: Latin reciprocus returning the same way, alternating 1 a : inversely related : OPPOSITE b : of, constituting, or resulting from paired crosses in which the kind that supplies the male parent of the first cross supplies the female parent of the second cross and vice versa 2 : shared, felt, or shown by both sides 3 : serving to reciprocate : consisting of or functioning as a return in kind <the reciprocal devastation of nuclear war> 4 a : mutually corresponding <agreed to extend reciprocal privileges to each other's citizens> b : marked by or based on reciprocity <reciprocal trade agreements> - re·cip·ro·cal·ly /-k(&-)lE/ adverb
74.reciprocate	do or give something in return; repay in kind; give or take mutually; interchange; move backwards and forwards; Ex. reciprocate his invitation by inviting him; N. reciprocity: reciprocal relationship; mutual interchange of advantages between two groups; Ex. reciprocity in trading rights	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): -cat·ed; -cat·ing transitive senses 1 : to give and take mutually 2 : to return in kind or degree <reciprocate a compliment gracefully> intransitive senses 1 : to make a return for something <we hope to reciprocate for your kindness> 2 : to move forward and backward alternately <a reciprocating valve> - re·cip·ro·ca·tor /-"kA-t&r/ noun synonyms RECIPROCATE, RETALIATE, REQUITE, RETURN mean to give back usually in kind or in quantity. RECIPROCATE implies a mutual or equivalent exchange or a paying back of what one has received <reciprocated their hospitality by inviting them for a visit>. RETALIATE usually implies a paying back of injury in exact kind, often vengefully <the enemy retaliated by executing their prisoners>. REQUITE implies a paying back according to one's preference and often not equivalently <requited her love with cold indifference>. RETURN implies a paying or giving back <returned their call> <return good for evil>.
75.recluse	hermit; loner; ADJ. reclusive	Function: adjective Etymology: Middle English, from Old French reclus, literally, shut up, from Late Latin reclusus, past participle of recludere to shut up, from Latin re- + claudere to close -- more at CLOSE : marked by withdrawal from society : SOLITARY - re·clu·sive /ri-'klü-siv, -ziv/ adjective - re·clu·sive·ly adverb - re·clu·sive·ness noun
76.reconcile	make friendly again (after quarrel); make consistent (two ideas in opposition); correct inconsistencies; Ex. reconcile one's political principles with one's religious beliefs	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): -ciled; -cil·ing Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French or Latin; Middle French reconcilier, from Latin reconciliare, from re- + conciliare to conciliate transitive senses 1 a : to restore to friendship or harmony <reconciled the factions> b : SETTLE, RESOLVE <reconcile differences> 2 : to make consistent or congruous <reconcile an ideal with reality> 3 : to cause to submit to or accept something unpleasant <was reconciled to hardship> 4 a : to check (a financial account) against another for accuracy b : to account for intransitive senses : to become reconciled synonym see ADAPT - rec·on·cil·abil·i·ty /"re-k&n-"sI-l&-'bi-l&-tE/ noun - rec·on·cil·able /"re-k&n-'sI-l&-b&l, 're-k&n-"/ adjective - rec·on·cile·ment /'re-k&n-"sIl-m&nt/ noun - rec·on·cil·er noun
77.recondite	abstruse; not easily understood; profound; secret	Function: adjective Etymology: Latin reconditus, past participle of recondere to conceal, from re- + condere to store up, from com- + -dere to put -- more at COM-, DO 1 : hidden from sight : CONCEALED 2 : difficult or impossible for one of ordinary understanding or knowledge to comprehend : DEEP <a recondite subject> 3 : of, relating to, or dealing with something little known or obscure <recondite fact about the origin of the holiday -- Floyd Dell> - re·con·dite·ly adverb - re·con·dite·ness noun
78.reconnaissance	survey of enemy by soldiers; reconnoitering; V. reconnoiter: make a preliminary inspection of (esp. to gather military information)	Function: noun Etymology: French, literally, recognition, from Middle French reconoissance -- more at RECOGNIZANCE : a preliminary survey to gain information; especially : an exploratory military survey of enemy territory
79.recount	narrate or tell (a story); count over again	Function: transitive verb Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French reconter, from re- + conter to count, relate -- more at COUNT : to relate in detail : NARRATE - re·count·er noun
80.recourse	resorting to help when in trouble; Ex. without recourse to	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English recours, from Middle French, from Late Latin recursus, from Latin, act of running back, from recurrere to run back -- more at RECUR 1 a : a turning to someone or something for help or protection b : a source of help or strength : RESORT 2 : the right to demand payment from the maker or endorser of a negotiable instrument (as a check)
81.recrimination	countercharges; V. recriminate	Function: noun Etymology: Medieval Latin recrimination-, recriminatio, from recriminare to make a retaliatory charge, from Latin re- + criminari to accuse -- more at CRIMINATE : a retaliatory accusation; also : the making of such accusations <endless recrimination> - re·crim·i·nate /-'kri-m&-"nAt/ intransitive verb - re·crim·i·na·tive /-"nA-tiv/ adjective - re·crim·i·na·to·ry /-'kri-m&-n&-"tOr-E, -'krim-n&-, -"tor-/ adjective
82.rectify	set right; correct; CF. rect-: right	Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): -fied; -fy·ing Etymology: Middle English rectifien, from Middle French rectifier, from Medieval Latin rectificare, from Latin rectus right -- more at RIGHT 1 : to set right : REMEDY 2 : to purify (as alcohol) especially by repeated or fractional distillation 3 : to correct by removing errors : ADJUST <rectify the calendar> 4 : to make (an alternating current) unidirectional synonym see CORRECT - rec·ti·fi·ca·tion /"rek-t&-f&-'kA-sh&n/ noun
83.rectitude	moral correctness; moral uprightness; moral virtue; correctness of judgment	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French, from Late Latin rectitudo, from Latin rectus straight, right 1 : the quality or state of being straight 2 : moral integrity : RIGHTEOUSNESS 3 : the quality or state of being correct in judgment or procedure
84.recumbent	reclining; lying down completely or in part	Function: adjective Etymology: L recumbent-, recumbens, present participle of recumbere to lie down, from re- + -cumbere to lie down; akin to Latin cubare to lie 1 a : suggestive of repose : LEANING, RESTING b : lying down 2 : representing a person lying down <a recumbent statue> synonym see PRONE
85.recuperate	recover; return to health; regain; Ex. recuperate losses	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): -at·ed; -at·ing Etymology: Latin recuperatus, past participle of recuperare -- more at RECOVER transitive senses : to get back : REGAIN intransitive senses : to regain a former state or condition; especially : to recover health or strength - re·cu·per·a·tion /-"kü-p&-'rA-sh&n, -"kyü-/ noun
86.recurrent	occurring again and again	Function: adjective Etymology: Latin recurrent-, recurrens, present participle of recurrere 1 : running or turning back in a direction opposite to a former course -- used of various nerves and branches of vessels in the arms and legs 2 : returning or happening time after time <recurrent complaints> - re·cur·rent·ly adverb