Gre Wordlist 45 : subliminal - tantamount

1.subliminal	below the threshold of conscious perception; Ex. subliminal advertisement	Function: adjective Etymology: sub- + Latin limin-, limen threshold 1 : inadequate to produce a sensation or a perception 2 : existing or functioning below the threshold of consciousness <the subliminal mind> <subliminal advertising> - sub·lim·i·nal·ly adverb
2.submissive	willing to obey orders; yielding; timid	Function: adjective : submitting to others - sub·mis·sive·ly adverb - sub·mis·sive·ness noun
3.subordinate	occupying a lower rank; inferior; submissive; N. V: put in a lower rank or class	Function: adjective Etymology: Middle English subordinat, from Medieval Latin subordinatus, past participle of subordinare to subordinate, from Latin sub- + ordinare to order -- more at ORDAIN 1 : placed in or occupying a lower class, rank, or position : INFERIOR 2 : submissive to or controlled by authority 3 a : of, relating to, or constituting a clause that functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb b : SUBORDINATING - sub·or·di·nate·ly adverb - sub·or·di·nate·ness noun
4.suborn	persuade to act unlawfully (especially to commit perjury); N. subornation	Function: transitive verb Etymology: Middle French suborner, from Latin subornare, from sub- secretly + ornare to furnish, equip -- more at ORNATE 1 : to induce secretly to do an unlawful thing 2 : to induce to commit perjury; also : to obtain (perjured testimony) from a witness - sub·or·na·tion /"s&-"bor-'nA-sh&n/ noun - sub·orn·er noun
5.subpoena	writ(written command issued by a court) summoning a witness to appear in court; V: summon with a subpoena	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English suppena, from Latin sub poena under penalty : a writ commanding a person designated in it to appear in court under a penalty for failure
6.subsequent	following in time or order; later	Function: adjective Etymology: Middle English, from Latin subsequent-, subsequens, present participle of subsequi to follow close, from sub- near + sequi to follow -- more at SUB-, SUE : following in time, order, or place - subsequent noun - sub·se·quent·ly /-"kwent-lE, -kw&nt-/ adverb
7.subservient	behaving like a slave; servile; obsequious; subordinate; N. subservience	Function: adjective Etymology: Latin subservient-, subserviens, present participle of subservire 1 : serving to promote some end 2 : useful in an inferior capacity : SUBORDINATE 3 : obsequiously submissive : TRUCKLING - sub·ser·vi·ent·ly adverb synonyms SUBSERVIENT, SERVILE, SLAVISH, OBSEQUIOUS mean showing or characterized by extreme compliance or abject obedience. SUBSERVIENT implies the cringing manner of one very conscious of a subordinate position <domestic help was expected to be properly subservient>. SERVILE suggests the mean or fawning behavior of a slave <a political boss and his entourage of servile hangers-on>. SLAVISH suggests abject or debased servility <the slavish status of migrant farm workers>. OBSEQUIOUS implies fawning or sycophantic compliance and exaggerated deference of manner <waiters who are obsequious in the presence of celebrities>.
8.subside	sink to a lower level; settle down; sink to the bottom (as a sediment); descend; grow quiet; become less; moderate; abate	Function: intransitive verb Inflected Form(s): sub·sid·ed; sub·sid·ing Etymology: Latin subsidere, from sub- + sidere to sit down, sink; akin to Latin sedEre to sit -- more at SIT 1 : to sink or fall to the bottom : SETTLE 2 : to tend downward : DESCEND; especially : to flatten out so as to form a depression 3 : to let oneself settle down : SINK <subsided into a chair> 4 : to become quiet or less <as the fever subsides> <my anger subsided> synonym see ABATE - sub·si·dence /s&b-'sI-d&n(t)s, 's&b-s&-d&n(t)s/ noun
9.subsidiary	serving to assist; subordinate; secondary; of a subsidy; N.	Function: adjective Etymology: Latin subsidiarius, from subsidium reserve troops 1 a : furnishing aid or support : AUXILIARY <subsidiary details> b : of secondary importance <a subsidiary stream> 2 : of, relating to, or constituting a subsidy <a subsidiary payment to an ally> - sub·sid·i·ari·ly /-"si-dE-'er-&-lE/ adverb
10.subsidy	direct financial aid by government, etc.; V. subsidize: assist with a subsidy	Function: noun Inflected Form(s): plural -dies Etymology: Middle English, from Latin subsidium reserve troops, support, assistance, from sub- near + sedEre to sit -- more at SUB-, SIT : a grant or gift of money: as a : a sum of money formerly granted by the British Parliament to the crown and raised by special taxation b : money granted by one state to another c : a grant by a government to a private person or company to assist an enterprise deemed advantageous to the public
11.subsistence	existence; means of subsisting; means of support; livelihood; V. subsist: exist; maintain life (at a meager level)	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, from Late Latin subsistentia, from subsistent-, subsistens, present participle of subsistere 1 a (1) : real being : EXISTENCE (2) : the condition of remaining in existence : CONTINUATION, PERSISTENCE b : an essential characteristic quality of something that exists c : the character possessed by whatever is logically conceivable 2 : means of subsisting : as a : the minimum (as of food and shelter) necessary to support life b : a source or means of obtaining the necessities of life - sub·sis·tent /-t&nt/ adjective
12.substantial	of substance; material; solid; essential or fundamental; ample; considerable; well-to-do; wealthy	Function: adjective 1 a : consisting of or relating to substance b : not imaginary or illusory : REAL, TRUE c : IMPORTANT, ESSENTIAL 2 : ample to satisfy and nourish : FULL <a substantial meal> 3 a : possessed of means : WELL-TO-DO b : considerable in quantity : significantly great <earned a substantial wage> 4 : firmly constructed : STURDY 5 : being largely but not wholly that which is specified <a substantial lie> - substantial noun - sub·stan·ti·al·i·ty /-"stan(t)-shE-'a-l&-tE/ noun - sub·stan·tial·ly /-'stan(t)-sh(&-)lE/ adverb - sub·stan·tial·ness /-'stan(t)-sh&l-n&s/ noun
13.substantiate	support (a claim) with evidence; establish with evidence; verify	Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): -at·ed; -at·ing 1 : to give substance or form to : EMBODY 2 : to establish by proof or competent evidence : VERIFY <substantiate a charge> synonym see CONFIRM - sub·stan·ti·a·tion /-"stan(t)-shE-'A-sh&n/ noun - sub·stan·ti·a·tive /-'stan(t)-shE-"A-tiv/ adjective
14.substantive	substantial; essential; pertaining to the substance; substantial; considerable; Ex. substantive issues	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English substantif, from Middle French, from substantif, adjective, having or expressing substance, from Late Latin substantivus : NOUN; broadly : a word or word group functioning syntactically as a noun - sub·stan·tiv·ize /-ti-"vIz/ transitive verb
15.subsume	include (as a member of a group); encompass	Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): sub·sumed; sub·sum·ing Etymology: New Latin subsumere, from Latin sub- + sumere to take up -- more at CONSUME : to include or place within something larger or more comprehensive : encompass as a subordinate or component element <red, green, and yellow are subsumed under the term "color"> - sub·sum·able /-'sü-m&-b&l/ adjective
16.subterfuge	stratagem(deceptive scheme); pretense; evasion; Ex. resort to a harmless subterfuge	Function: noun Etymology: Late Latin subterfugium, from Latin subterfugere to escape, evade, from subter- secretly (from subter underneath; akin to Latin sub under) + fugere to flee -- more at UP, FUGITIVE 1 : deception by artifice or stratagem in order to conceal, escape, or evade 2 : a deceptive device or stratagem synonym see DECEPTION
17.subtlety	perceptiveness; ingenuity; delicacy; ADJ. subtle: delicate; so slight as to be difficult to detect; able to make fine distinctions; clever; Ex. subtle mind/differences in meaning	Function: noun Inflected Form(s): plural -ties Etymology: Middle English sutilte, from Middle French sutilté, from Latin subtilitat-, subtilitas, from subtilis 1 : the quality or state of being subtle 2 : something subtle
18.subversive	tending to overthrow or ruin; V. subvert: overthrow completely (an established system); destroy completely; CF. undermine ?	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French, from Late Latin subversion-, subversio, from Latin subvertere 1 : the act of subverting : the state of being subverted; especially : a systematic attempt to overthrow or undermine a government or political system by persons working secretly from within 2 obsolete : a cause of overthrow or destruction - sub·ver·sion·ary /-zh&-"ner-E, -sh&-/ adjective - sub·ver·sive /-'v&r-siv, -ziv/ adjective or noun - sub·ver·sive·ly adverb - sub·ver·sive·ness noun
19.succor	assist (someone in difficulty); aid; comfort; N.	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English succur, from earlier sucurs, taken as plural, from Old French sucors, from Medieval Latin succursus, from Latin succurrere to run up, run to help, from sub- up + currere to run -- more at CAR 1 : RELIEF; also : AID, HELP 2 : something that furnishes relief
20.succulent	juicy; full of juice or sap; full of richness; N: succulent plant such as a cactus	Function: adjective Etymology: Latin suculentus, from sucus juice, sap; perhaps akin to Latin sugere to suck -- more at SUCK 1 a : full of juice : JUICY b : moist and tasty : TOOTHSOME c of a plant : having fleshy tissues that conserve moisture 2 : rich in interest - suc·cu·lent·ly adverb
21.succumb	yield (to something overwhelming); give in; die; Ex. succumb to the illness	Function: intransitive verb Etymology: French & Latin; French succomber, from Latin succumbere, from sub- + -cumbere to lie down; akin to Latin cubare to lie 1 : to yield to superior strength or force or overpowering appeal or desire 2 : to be brought to an end (as death) by the effect of destructive or disruptive forces synonym see YIELD
22.suffragist	advocate of the extension of voting rights (for women); CF. suffrage	Function: noun : one who advocates extension of suffrage especially to women
23.suffuse	spread through or over (with a color or liquid); charge; Ex. A blush suffused her cheeks.	Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): suf·fused; suf·fus·ing Etymology: Latin suffusus, past participle of suffundere, literally, to pour beneath, from sub- + fundere to pour -- more at FOUND : to spread over or through in the manner of fluid or light : FLUSH, FILL synonym see INFUSE - suf·fu·sion /-'fyü-zh&n/ noun - suf·fu·sive /-'fyü-siv, -ziv/ adjective
24.sully	defile; soil; tarnish; Ex. sully one's hands in menial labor	Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): sul·lied; sul·ly·ing Etymology: Middle English sollyen, probably from Middle French soiller to soil : to make soiled or tarnished : DEFILE
25.sultry	(of weather) hot; sweltering; sensual; voluptuous	Function: adjective Inflected Form(s): sul·tri·er; -est Etymology: obsolete English sulter to swelter, alteration of English swelter 1 a : very hot and humid : SWELTERING <a sultry day> b : burning hot : TORRID 2 a : hot with passion or anger b : exciting or capable of exciting strong sexual desire <sultry glances> - sul·tri·ly /-tr&-lE/ adverb - sul·tri·ness /-trE-n&s/ noun
26.summation	act of finding the total; summing-up; summary (esp. one given by the judge at the end of a trial)	Function: noun 1 : the act or process of forming a sum : ADDITION 2 : SUM, TOTAL 3 : cumulative action or effect; especially : the process by which a sequence of stimuli that are individually inadequate to produce a response are cumulatively able to induce a nerve impulse 4 : a final part of an argument reviewing points made and expressing conclusions - sum·ma·tion·al /-shn&l, -sh&-n&l/ adjective
27.sumptuous	grand suggesting great expense; lavish; rich; Ex. sumptuous feast	Function: adjective Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French sumptueux, from Latin sumptuosus, from sumptus : extremely costly, rich, luxurious, or magnificent <sumptuous banquets> <a sumptuous residence>; also : MAGNIFICENT 4 - sump·tu·ous·ly adverb - sump·tu·ous·ness noun
28.sunder	separate; part; CF. asunder	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): sun·dered; sun·der·ing /-d(&-)ri[ng]/ Etymology: Middle English, from Old English gesundrian, syndrian; akin to Old High German suntarOn to sunder, Old English sundor apart, Latin sine without, Sanskrit sanutar away transitive senses : to break apart or in two : separate by or as if by violence or by intervening time or space intransitive senses : to become parted, disunited, or severed synonym see SEPARATE
29.sundry	miscellaneous; various; several; N. sundries: small miscellaneous items	Function: adjective Etymology: Middle English, different for each, from Old English syndrig, from sundor apart -- more at SUNDER : MISCELLANEOUS, VARIOUS <sundry articles>
30.superannuated	retired or disqualified because of age; outmoded; obsolete	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): -at·ed; -at·ing Etymology: back-formation from superannuated transitive senses 1 : to make, declare, or prove obsolete or out-of-date 2 : to retire and pension because of age or infirmity intransitive senses 1 : to become retired 2 : to become antiquated - su·per·an·nu·a·tion /-"an-y&-'wA-sh&n/ noun
31.supercilious	haughty; arrogant; condescending; patronizing; CF. eyebrow, cilium	Function: adjective Etymology: Latin superciliosus, from supercilium eyebrow, haughtiness, from super- + -cilium eyelid (akin to celare to hide) -- more at HELL : coolly and patronizingly haughty <reacted to their breach of etiquette with a supercilious smile> synonym see PROUD - su·per·cil·ious·ly adverb - su·per·cil·ious·ness noun
32.supererogatory	superfluous; more than needed or demanded	Function: adjective 1 : observed or performed to an extent not enjoined or required 2 : exceeding what is needed : SUPERFLUOUS <attending three long-winded meetings in a row on the same subject was supererogatory>
33.superficial	of the surface; not deep; shallow; not thorough; trivial; Ex. superficial analysis/knowledge	Function: adjective Etymology: Middle English, from Late Latin superficialis, from Latin superficies 1 a (1) : of or relating to a surface (2) : lying on, not penetrating below, or affecting only the surface <superficial wounds> b British, of a unit of measure : SQUARE <superficial foot> 2 a : concerned only with the obvious or apparent : SHALLOW b : lying on the surface : EXTERNAL c : presenting only an appearance without substance or significance - su·per·fi·cial·ly /-'fi-sh(&-)lE/ adverb synonyms SUPERFICIAL, SHALLOW, CURSORY mean lacking in depth or solidity. SUPERFICIAL implies a concern only with surface aspects or obvious features <a superficial analysis of the problem>. SHALLOW is more generally derogatory in implying lack of depth in knowledge, reasoning, emotions, or character <a light, shallow, and frivolous review>. CURSORY suggests a lack of thoroughness or a neglect of details <gave the letter only a cursory reading>.
34.superfluous	excessive; overabundant; unnecessary; N. superfluity	Function: adjective Etymology: Middle English, from Latin superfluus, literally, running over, from superfluere to overflow, from super- + fluere to flow -- more at FLUID 1 a : exceeding what is sufficient or necessary : EXTRA b : not needed : UNNECESSARY 2 obsolete : marked by wastefulness : EXTRAVAGANT - su·per·flu·ous·ly adverb - su·per·flu·ous·ness noun
35.superimpose	place over something else	Function: transitive verb : to place or lay over or above something <superimposed images> <superimposed a formula on the stories> - su·per·im·pos·able /-'pO-z&-b&l/ adjective - su·per·im·po·si·tion /-"im-p&-'zi-sh&n/ noun
36.supernumerary	person or thing excess of what is necessary; extra; ADJ: additional to the usual or necessary number	Function: adjective Etymology: Late Latin supernumerarius, from Latin super- + numerus number 1 a : exceeding the usual, stated, or prescribed number <a supernumerary tooth> b : not enumerated among the regular components of a group and especially of a military organization 2 : exceeding what is necessary, required, or desired 3 : more numerous
37.supersede	replace; cause to be set aside; make obsolete; N. supersession	Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): -sed·ed; -sed·ing Etymology: Middle English superceden, from Middle French superseder to refrain from, from Latin supersedEre to be superior to, refrain from, from super- + sedEre to sit -- more at SIT 1 a : to cause to be set aside b : to force out of use as inferior 2 : to take the place, room, or position of 3 : to displace in favor of another : SUPPLANT synonym see REPLACE - su·per·sed·er noun
38.supine	lying on back; passive; inactive; Ex. The defeated pugilist lay supine; Ex. supine acceptance of the decision	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English supyn, from Late Latin supinum, from Latin, neuter of supinus, adjective 1 : a Latin verbal noun having an accusative of purpose in -um and an ablative of specification in -u 2 : an English infinitive with to
39.supplant	take the place of unfairly; usurp; replace	Function: transitive verb Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French supplanter, from Latin supplantare to overthrow by tripping up, from sub- + planta sole of the foot -- more at PLACE 1 : to supersede (another) especially by force or treachery 2 a (1) obsolete : UPROOT (2) : to eradicate and supply a substitute for <efforts to supplant the vernacular> b : to take the place of and serve as a substitute for especially by reason of superior excellence or power synonym see REPLACE - sup·plan·ta·tion /(")s&-"plan-'tA-sh&n/ noun - sup·plant·er /s&-'plan-t&r/ noun
40.supple	flexible; limber; pliant	Function: adjective Inflected Form(s): sup·pler /-p(&-)l&r/; sup·plest /-p(&-)l&st/ Etymology: Middle English souple, from Middle French, from Latin supplic-, supplex entreating for mercy, suppliant, perhaps from sub- + -plic- (akin to plicare to fold) -- more at PLY 1 a : compliant often to the point of obsequiousness b : readily adaptable or responsive to new situations 2 a : capable of being bent or folded without creases, cracks, or breaks : PLIANT <supple leather> b : able to perform bending or twisting movements with ease and grace : LIMBER <supple legs of a dancer> c : easy and fluent without stiffness or awkwardness <sang with a lively, supple voice -- Douglas Watt> synonym see ELASTIC - sup·ple·ly /-p&(l)-lE/ or sup·ply /-p(&-)lE/ adverb - sup·ple·ness /-p&l-n&s/ noun
41.suppliant	entreating; beseeching; N.	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French, from present participle of supplier to supplicate, from Latin supplicare : one who supplicates
42.supplicate	petition humbly; pray to grant a favor	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): -cat·ed; -cat·ing Etymology: Middle English, from Latin supplicatus, past participle of supplicare, from supplic-, supplex suppliant -- more at SUPPLE intransitive senses : to make a humble entreaty; especially : to pray to God transitive senses 1 : to ask humbly and earnestly of 2 : to ask for earnestly and humbly synonym see BEG - sup·pli·ca·tion /"s&-pl&-'kA-sh&n/ noun
43.supposition	assumption; hypothesis; surmise; V. suppose	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, from Late Latin supposition-, suppositio, from Latin, act of placing beneath, from supponere 1 : something that is supposed : HYPOTHESIS 2 : the act of supposing - sup·po·si·tion·al /-'zish-n&l, -'zi-sh&-n&l/ adjective
44.supposititious	assumed; counterfeit; hypothetical	Function: adjective Etymology: Latin suppositicius, from suppositus, past participle of supponere to substitute 1 a : fraudulently substituted : SPURIOUS b of a child (1) : falsely presented as a genuine heir (2) : ILLEGITIMATE 2 [influenced in meaning by supposition] a : IMAGINARY b : of the nature of or based on a supposition : HYPOTHETICAL - sup·pos·i·ti·tious·ly adverb
45.suppress	put an end to forcibly; subdue; stifle; overwhelm; inhibit the expression of; check; prevent from being published or made public; Ex. suppress a smile; Ex. suppress the magazine/truth	Function: transitive verb Etymology: Middle English, from Latin suppressus, past participle of supprimere, from sub- + premere to press -- more at PRESS 1 : to put down by authority or force : SUBDUE 2 : to keep from public knowledge: as a : to keep secret b : to stop or prohibit the publication or revelation of 3 a : to exclude from consciousness b : to keep from giving vent to : CHECK 4 obsolete : to press down 5 a : to restrain from a usual course or action <suppress a cough> b : to inhibit the growth or development of 6 : to inhibit the genetic expression of <suppress a mutation> - sup·press·ibil·i·ty /-"pre-s&-'bi-l&-tE/ noun - sup·press·ible /-'pre-s&-b&l/ adjective - sup·pres·sive /-'pre-siv/ adjective - sup·pres·sive·ness /-n&s/ noun
46.surfeit	satiate; feed or supply to excess; stuff; indulge to excess in anything; N: surfeiting; excessive amount; Ex. surfeit of food	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English surfait, from Middle French, from surfaire to overdo, from sur- + faire to do, from Latin facere -- more at DO 1 : an overabundant supply : EXCESS 2 : an intemperate or immoderate indulgence in something (as food or drink) 3 : disgust caused by excess
47.surly	bad-tempered; rude; cross	Function: adjective Inflected Form(s): sur·li·er; -est Etymology: alteration of Middle English sirly lordly, imperious, from sir 1 obsolete : ARROGANT, IMPERIOUS 2 : irritably sullen and churlish in mood or manner : CRABBED 3 : menacing or threatening in appearance <surly weather> synonym see SULLEN - sur·li·ly /-l&-lE/ adverb - sur·li·ness /-lE-n&s/ noun - surly adverb
48.surmise	guess; N.	Function: noun : a thought or idea based on scanty evidence : CONJECTURE
49.surmount	overcome	Function: transitive verb Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French surmonter, from sur- + monter to mount 1 obsolete : to surpass in quality or attainment : EXCEL 2 : to prevail over : OVERCOME <surmount an obstacle> 3 : to get to the top of : CLIMB 4 : to stand or lie at the top of - sur·mount·able /-'maun-t&-b&l/ adjective
50.surpass	exceed	Function: transitive verb Etymology: Middle French surpasser, from sur- + passer to pass 1 : to become better, greater, or stronger than : EXCEED 2 : to go beyond : OVERSTEP 3 : to transcend the reach, capacity, or powers of synonym see EXCEED - sur·pass·able /-'pa-s&-b&l/ adjective
51.surreptitious	done secretly; secret; furtive; sneaky; hidden	Function: adjective Etymology: Middle English, from Latin surrepticius, from surreptus, past participle of surripere to snatch secretly, from sub- + rapere to seize -- more at RAPID 1 : done, made, or acquired by stealth : CLANDESTINE 2 : acting or doing something clandestinely : STEALTHY synonym see SECRET - sur·rep·ti·tious·ly adverb
52.surrogate	substitute; person or thing used in place of another; Ex. surrogate mother; ADJ.	Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): -gat·ed; -gat·ing Etymology: Latin surrogatus, past participle of surrogare to choose in place of another, substitute, from sub- + rogare to ask -- more at RIGHT : to put in the place of another: a : to appoint as successor, deputy, or substitute for oneself b : SUBSTITUTE
53.surveillance	close observation of a person (esp. one under suspicion); watching; guarding	Function: noun Etymology: French, from surveiller to watch over, from sur- + veiller to watch, from Latin vigilare, from vigil watchful -- more at VIGIL : close watch kept over someone or something (as by a detective); also : SUPERVISION
54.susceptible	impressionable; easily influenced; sensitive; having little resistance as to a disease; likely to suffer; receptive to; capable of accepting; Ex. susceptible to persuasion/colds; Ex. The agreement is not susceptible of alteration; N. susceptibility	Function: adjective Etymology: Late Latin susceptibilis, from Latin susceptus, past participle of suscipere to take up, admit, from sub-, sus- up + capere to take -- more at SUB-, HEAVE 1 : capable of submitting to an action, process, or operation <a theory susceptible to proof> 2 : open, subject, or unresistant to some stimulus, influence, or agency 3 : IMPRESSIONABLE, RESPONSIVE synonym see LIABLE - sus·cep·ti·ble·ness noun - sus·cep·ti·bly /-blE/ adverb
55.sustain	suffer (harm or loss); experience; support; prop; maintain; keep in existence; nourish (to maintain life); Ex. sustain the family/the trapped miners	Function: transitive verb Etymology: Middle English sustenen, from Old French sustenir, from Latin sustinEre to hold up, sustain, from sub-, sus- up + tenEre to hold -- more at SUB-, THIN 1 : to give support or relief to 2 : to supply with sustenance : NOURISH 3 : KEEP UP, PROLONG 4 : to support the weight of : PROP; also : to carry or withstand (a weight or pressure) 5 : to buoy up <sustained by hope> 6 a : to bear up under b : SUFFER, UNDERGO <sustained heavy losses> 7 a : to support as true, legal, or just b : to allow or admit as valid <the court sustained the motion> 8 : to support by adequate proof : CONFIRM <testimony that sustains our contention> - sus·tained·ly /-'stA-n&d-lE, -'stAnd-lE/ adverb - sus·tain·er noun
56.sustenance	sustaining; means of livelihood, support, food, nourishment; something that maintains life; food	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, from Old French, from sustenir 1 a : means of support, maintenance, or subsistence : LIVING b : FOOD, PROVISIONS; also : NOURISHMENT 2 a : the act of sustaining : the state of being sustained b : a supplying or being supplied with the necessaries of life 3 : something that gives support, endurance, or strength
57.suture	stitches sewn to hold the cut edges of a wound or incision; material used in sewing; V: sew together a wound	Function: noun Etymology: Middle French & Latin; Middle French, from Latin sutura seam, suture, from sutus, past participle of suere to sew -- more at SEW 1 a : a strand or fiber used to sew parts of the living body; also : a stitch made with a suture b : the act or process of sewing with sutures 2 a : a uniting of parts b : the seam or seamlike line along which two things or parts are sewed or united 3 a : the line of union in an immovable articulation (as between the bones of the skull); also : such an articulation b : a furrow at the junction of adjacent bodily parts; especially : a line of dehiscence (as on a fruit) - su·tur·al /'sü-ch&-r&l, 'süch-r&l/ adjective - su·tur·al·ly /-r&-lE/ adverb
58.swarthy	(of a skin or complexion) dark; dusky; Ex. swarthy Italian ?	Function: adjective Inflected Form(s): swar·thi·er; -est Etymology: alteration of obsolete swarty, from swart : of a dark color, complexion, or cast - swar·thi·ness noun
59.swathe	swath; wrap around; bandage; Ex. one's head swathed in bandages	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, from Old English swæth footstep, trace; akin to Middle High German swade swath 1 a : a row of cut grain or grass left by a scythe or mowing machine b : the sweep of a scythe or a machine in mowing or the path cut in one course 2 : a long broad strip or belt 3 : a stroke of or as if of a scythe 4 : a space devastated as if by a scythe
60.swelter	(of a person) suffer from oppressive heat; be oppressed by heat	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): swel·tered; swel·ter·ing /-t(&-)ri[ng]/ Etymology: Middle English sweltren, frequentative of swelten to die, be overcome by heat, from Old English sweltan to die; akin to Gothic swiltan to die intransitive senses 1 : to suffer, sweat, or be faint from heat 2 : to become exceedingly hot <in summer, the place swelters> transitive senses 1 : to oppress with heat 2 archaic : EXUDE <sweltered venom -- Shakespeare>
61.swerve	deviate; turn aside sharply from a straight course; Ex. swerve from the principle; Ex. The car swerved to the right.	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): swerved; swerv·ing Etymology: Middle English, from Old English sweorfan to wipe, file away; akin to Old High German swerban to wipe off, Welsh chwerfu to whirl intransitive senses : to turn aside abruptly from a straight line or course : DEVIATE transitive senses : to cause to turn aside or deviate - swerve noun synonyms SWERVE, VEER, DEVIATE, DEPART, DIGRESS, DIVERGE mean to turn aside from a straight course. SWERVE may suggest a physical, mental, or moral turning away from a given course, often with abruptness <swerved to avoid hitting the dog>. VEER implies a major change in direction <at that point the path veers to the right>. DEVIATE implies a turning from a customary or prescribed course <never deviated from her daily routine>. DEPART suggests a deviation from a traditional or conventional course or type <occasionally departs from his own guidelines>. DIGRESS applies to a departing from the subject of one's discourse <a professor prone to digress>. DIVERGE may equal DEPART but usually suggests a branching of a main path into two or more leading in different directions <after school their paths diverged>.
62.swill	drink greedily	Function: verb Etymology: Middle English swilen, from Old English swillan transitive senses 1 : WASH, DRENCH 2 : to drink great drafts of : GUZZLE 3 : to feed (as a pig) with swill intransitive senses 1 : to drink or eat freely, greedily, or to excess 2 : SWASH - swill·er noun
63.swindler	cheater	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): swin·dled; swin·dling /'swin(d)-li[ng], 'swin-d&l-i[ng]/ Etymology: back-formation from swindler, from German Schwindler giddy person, from schwindeln to be dizzy, from Old High German swintilOn, frequentative of swintan to diminish, vanish; akin to Old English swindan to vanish intransitive senses : to obtain money or property by fraud or deceit transitive senses : to take money or property from by fraud or deceit synonym see CHEAT - swin·dler /'swin(d)-l&r, 'swin-d&l-&r/ noun
64.sybarite	lover of luxury; person devoted to pleasure and luxury; CF. Sybaris: an ancient Greek city in Italy	Function: noun 1 [from the notorious luxury of the Sybarites] : VOLUPTUARY, SENSUALIST 2 capitalized : a native or resident of the ancient city of Sybaris - syb·a·rit·ic /"si-b&-'ri-tik/ adjective - syb·a·rit·i·cal·ly /-ti-k(&-)lE/ adverb - syb·a·rit·ism /'si-b&-"rI-"tI-z&m/ noun
65.sycophant	servile flatterer; bootlicker; yes man; ADJ. sycophantic	Function: noun Etymology: Latin sycophanta slanderer, swindler, from Greek sykophantEs slanderer, from sykon fig + phainein to show -- more at FANCY : a servile self-seeking flatterer synonym see PARASITE - sycophant adjective
66.syllogism	logical formula consisting of a major premise, a minor premise and a conclusion; deceptive or specious argument	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English silogisme, from Middle French, from Latin syllogismus, from Greek syllogismos, from syllogizesthai to syllogize, from syn- + logizesthai to calculate, from logos reckoning, word -- more at LEGEND 1 : a deductive scheme of a formal argument consisting of a major and a minor premise and a conclusion (as in "every virtue is laudable; kindness is a virtue; therefore kindness is laudable") 2 : a subtle, specious, or crafty argument 3 : deductive reasoning - syl·lo·gis·tic /"si-l&-'jis-tik/ adjective - syl·lo·gis·ti·cal·ly /-ti-k(&-)lE/ adverb
67.sylvan	pertaining to the woods or the country	Function: noun : one that frequents groves or woods
68.symbiosis	interdependent relationship (between groups, species) often mutually beneficial; ADJ. symbiotic; CF. together + life	Function: noun Inflected Form(s): plural sym·bi·o·ses /-"sEz/ Etymology: New Latin, from German Symbiose, from Greek symbiOsis state of living together, from symbioun to live together, from symbios living together, from syn- + bios life -- more at QUICK 1 : the living together in more or less intimate association or close union of two dissimilar organisms 2 : the intimate living together of two dissimilar organisms in a mutually beneficial relationship; especially : MUTUALISM 3 : a cooperative relationship (as between two persons or groups) <the symbiosis... between the resident population and the immigrants -- John Geipel> - sym·bi·ot·ic /-'ä-tik/ adjective - sym·bi·ot·i·cal·ly /-ti-k(&-)lE/ adverb
69.symmetry	arrangement of parts so that balance is obtained; congruity; ADJ. symmetrical	Function: noun Inflected Form(s): plural -tries Etymology: Latin symmetria, from Greek, from symmetros symmetrical, from syn- + metron measure -- more at MEASURE 1 : balanced proportions; also : beauty of form arising from balanced proportions 2 : the property of being symmetrical; especially : correspondence in size, shape, and relative position of parts on opposite sides of a dividing line or median plane or about a center or axis -- compare BILATERAL SYMMETRY, RADIAL SYMMETRY 3 : a rigid motion of a geometric figure that determines a one-to-one mapping onto itself 4 : the property of remaining invariant under certain changes (as of orientation in space, of the sign of the electric charge, of parity, or of the direction of time flow) -- used of physical phenomena and of equations describing them
70.synchronous	similarly timed; simultaneous with; occurring at the same time; V. synchronize	Function: adjective Etymology: Late Latin synchronos, from Greek, from syn- + chronos time 1 : happening, existing, or arising at precisely the same time 2 : recurring or operating at exactly the same periods 3 : involving or indicating synchronism 4 a : having the same period; also : having the same period and phase b : GEOSTATIONARY 5 : of, used in, or being digital communication (as between computers) in which a common timing signal is established that dictates when individual bits can be transmitted, in which characters are not individually delimited, and which allows for very high rates of data transfer synonym see CONTEMPORARY - syn·chro·nous·ly adverb - syn·chro·nous·ness noun
71.synoptic	providing a general overview; summary; N. synopsis	Function: adjective Etymology: Greek synoptikos, from synopsesthai 1 : affording a general view of a whole 2 : manifesting or characterized by comprehensiveness or breadth of view 3 : presenting or taking the same or common view; specifically often capitalized : of or relating to the first three Gospels of the New Testament 4 : relating to or displaying conditions (as of the atmosphere or weather) as they exist simultaneously over a broad area - syn·op·ti·cal·ly /-ti-k(&-)lE/ adverb
72.synthesis	combining parts or separate things into a whole; the whole so formed; PL. syntheses; V. synthesize	Function: noun Inflected Form(s): plural syn·the·ses /-"sEz/ Etymology: Greek, from syntithenai to put together, from syn- + tithenai to put, place -- more at DO 1 a : the composition or combination of parts or elements so as to form a whole b : the production of a substance by the union of chemical elements, groups, or simpler compounds or by the degradation of a complex compound c : the combining of often diverse conceptions into a coherent whole; also : the complex so formed 2 a : deductive reasoning b : the dialectic combination of thesis and antithesis into a higher stage of truth 3 : the frequent and systematic use of inflected forms as a characteristic device of a language - syn·the·sist /-sist/ noun
73.synthetic	not natural; artificial; resulting from synthesis; Ex. synthetic fiber; N.	Function: adjective Etymology: Greek synthetikos of composition, component, from syntithenai to put together 1 : relating to or involving synthesis : not analytic 2 : attributing to a subject something determined by observation rather than analysis of the nature of the subject and not resulting in self-contradiction if negated -- compare ANALYTIC 3 : characterized by frequent and systematic use of inflected forms to express grammatical relationships 4 a (1) : of, relating to, or produced by chemical or biochemical synthesis; especially : produced artificially <synthetic drugs> <synthetic silk> (2) : of or relating to a synfuel b : devised, arranged, or fabricated for special situations to imitate or replace usual realities c : FACTITIOUS, BOGUS - syn·thet·i·cal·ly /-ti-k(&-)lE/ adverb
74.tacit	understood (without actually being expressed); not put into words; Ex. tacit agreement	Function: adjective Etymology: French or Latin; French tacite, from Latin tacitus silent, from past participle of tacEre to be silent; akin to Old High German dagEn to be silent 1 : expressed or carried on without words or speech 2 a : implied or indicated but not actually expressed <tacit consent> b (1) : arising without express contract or agreement (2) : arising by operation of law <tacit mortgage> - tac·it·ly adverb - tac·it·ness noun
75.taciturn	habitually silent; talking little	Function: adjective Etymology: French or Latin; French taciturne, from Latin taciturnus, from tacitus : temperamentally disinclined to talk synonym see SILENT - tac·i·tur·ni·ty /"ta-s&-'t&r-n&-tE/ noun
76.tactile	pertaining to the organs or sense of touch	Function: adjective Etymology: French or Latin; French, from Latin tactilis, from tangere to touch -- more at TANGENT 1 : perceptible by touch : TANGIBLE 2 : of or relating to the sense of touch - tac·tile·ly /-t&-lE, -"tIl-lE/ adverb
77.taint	contaminate; cause to lose purity; modify with a trace of something bad; Ex. tainted reputation; N: stain; touch of decay or bad influence; CF. touch	Function: verb Etymology: Middle English tainten to color & taynten to attaint; Middle English tainten, from Anglo-French teinter, from Middle French teint, pp. of teindre, from Latin tingere; Middle English taynten, from Middle French ataint, past participle of ataindre -- more at TINGE, ATTAIN transitive senses 1 : to contaminate morally : CORRUPT <scholarship tainted by envy> 2 : to affect with putrefaction : SPOIL 3 : to touch or affect slightly with something bad <persons tainted with prejudice> intransitive senses 1 obsolete : to become weak 2 : to become affected with putrefaction : SPOIL synonym see CONTAMINATE
78.talisman	charm; object believed to give supernatural powers to or protect its bearer	Function: noun Inflected Form(s): plural -mans Etymology: French talisman or Spanish talismán or Italian talismano; all from Arabic tilsam, from Middle Greek telesma, from Greek, consecration, from telein to initiate into the mysteries, complete, from telos end -- more at TELOS 1 : an object held to act as a charm to avert evil and bring good fortune 2 : something producing apparently magical or miraculous effects - tal·is·man·ic /"ta-l&s-'ma-nik, -l&z-/ adjective - tal·is·man·i·cal·ly /-ni-k(&-)lE/ adverb
79.talon	claw of bird	Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French, heel, spur, from (assumed) Vulgar Latin talon-, talo, from Latin talus ankle, anklebone 1 a : the claw of an animal and especially of a bird of prey b : a finger or hand of a human being 2 : a part or object shaped like or suggestive of a heel or claw: as a : an ogee molding b : the shoulder of the bolt of a lock on which the key acts to shoot the bolt 3 a : cards laid aside in a pile in solitaire b : STOCK 10c - tal·oned /-l&nd/ adjective
80.tangential	only slightly connected; not central; peripheral; digressing; showing divergence; CF. tangent	Function: adjective 1 : of, relating to, or of the nature of a tangent 2 : acting along or lying in a tangent <tangential forces> 3 a : DIVERGENT, DIGRESSIVE b : touching lightly : INCIDENTAL, PERIPHERAL <tangential involvement> - tan·gen·tial·ly /-'jen(t)-sh(&-)lE/ adverb
81.tangible	able to be touched; real; concrete; palpable; possible to realize or understand; Ex. tangible proof	Function: adjective Etymology: Late Latin tangibilis, from Latin tangere to touch 1 a : capable of being perceived especially by the sense of touch : PALPABLE b : substantially real : MATERIAL 2 : capable of being precisely identified or realized by the mind <her grief was tangible> 3 : capable of being appraised at an actual or approximate value <tangible assets> synonym see PERCEPTIBLE - tan·gi·bil·i·ty /"tan-j&-'bi-l&-tE/ noun - tan·gi·ble·ness /'tan-j&-b&l-n&s/ noun - tan·gi·bly /-blE/ adverb
82.tanner	person who turns animal hides into leather	Function: adjective Inflected Form(s): tan·ner; tan·nest 1 : of, relating to, or used for tan or tanning 2 : of the color tan
83.tantalize	tease; excite by exposing something desirable while keeping it out of reach; torture with disappointment; CF. Tantalus: Greek mythological figure	Function: verb Inflected Form(s): -lized; -liz·ing Etymology: Tantalus transitive senses : to tease or torment by or as if by presenting something desirable to the view but continually keeping it out of reach intransitive senses : to cause one to be tantalized - tan·ta·liz·er noun
84.tantamount	equivalent in effect or value; Ex. This invasion is tantamount to a declaration of war; CF. amount	Function: adjective Etymology: obsolete tantamount, noun, equivalent, from Anglo-French tant amunter to amount to as much : equivalent in value, significance, or effect